Model

NICAM is a non-hydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (Tomita and Satoh, 2004) with an explicit cloud microphysics scheme. A configuration used in the DYAMOND project is similar to that described by Kodama et al., 2015.

 

Grid Resolution

The horizontal grid spacing in the experiments was set to 3.5 km (Grid Level; GL11), 7.0 km (GL10) and 14 km (GL09). The number of vertical levels is 78, and the interval between each vertical level is increased from the ground to the model top. An attached ASCII file is the geometric height of vertical model levels used in NICAM.

 

Output List

Output variables are given below. A more detailed listing in terms of namelist descriptions, including the names of the files which contain corresponding variables, can be found here.

Land output, Output Interval: PT03H

ll_tg soil temperature
 Average
ll_wg soil moisture Average
ll_snw snow amount Average
ll_lai leaf area index Average
ll_rof total runoff Average
ll_rofl runoff from each land layer Average
ll_rofs runoff by saturation excess
 Average
ll_rofi runoff by infiltration excess Average
ll_rofo runoff by surface storage overflow Average
ll_rofb runoff from base Average
ll_tg soil temperature Snapshot
ll_wg soil moisture Snapshot
ll_snw snow amount Snapshot

 

Ocean output, Output Interval: PT15M

ol_sst sea surface temperature Average
ol_ice sea ice mass Average
ol_snow snow on sea ice Average
ol_ist sea ice skin temperature Average
ol_icr sea ice concentration Average
ol_gflx_adj Q-flux Average

 

ISCCP output, Output Interval: PT03H

dfq_isccp2 ISCCP cloud fraction Average
dfq_isccp2 ISCCP cloud fraction Snapshot

 

3D snapshot data, Output Interval: PT03H

ms_dh diabatic heating rate Snapshot
ms_u velocity u Snapshot
ms_v velocity v Snapshot
ms_w velocity w Snapshot
ms_tem temperature Snapshot
ms_qv specific humidity Snapshot
ms_rh relative humidity Snapshot
ms_pres pressure Snapshot
ms_qc specific cloud water content Snapshot
ms_qr specific rain water content Snapshot
ms_qi specific cloud ice content Snapshot
ms_qs specific snow content Snapshot
ms_qg specific graupel content Snapshot
ms_lwhr diabatic heating rate by LW Snapshot
ms_swhr diabatic heating rate by SW Snapshot
ms_rh relative humidity Snapshot

 

2D average output, Output Interval: PT15M

sl_cld_frac cloud fraction Average
sl_cldi ice water path Average
sl_cldw liquid water path Average
sl_evap evaporation Average
sl_slp mean sea level pressure Average
sl_slp_ecmwf mean sea level pressure formulated by ECMWF Average
sl_q2m specific humidity at 2m Average
sl_t2m temperature at 2m Average
sl_tem_atm mass weighted atmospheric temperature Average
sl_tem_sfc skin temperature Average
sl_u10m velocity u at 10m Average
sl_v10m velocity v at 10m Average
sl_vap_atm precipitable water Average
sl_tppn precipitation Average
sl_lwd_toa downward LW at TOA Average
sl_lwu_toa upward LW at TOA Average
sl_lwu_toa_c upward LW (clear sky) at TOA Average
sl_swd_toa downward SW at TOA Average
sl_swu_toa upward SW at TOA Average
sl_swu_toa_c upward SW (clear sky )at TOA Average
sl_lwd_sfc downward LW at the surface Average
sl_lwu_sfc upward LW at the surface Average
sl_swd_sfc downward SW at the surface Average
sl_swu_sfc upward SW at the surface Average
sl_lwd_sfc_c downward LW (clear sky) at the surface Average
sl_lwu_sfc_c upward LW (clear sky) at the surface Average
sl_swd_sfc_c downward SW (clear sky) at the surface Average
sl_swu_sfc_c upward SW (clear sky) at the surface Average
sl_lh_sfc latent heat flux Average
sl_sh_sfc sensible heat flux Average
sl_tppn_energy other energy flux due to precipitation Average
sl_evap_energy other energy flux due to evaporation Average
sl_albedo surface albedo (inc. scattering) Average
sl_tauu surface stress in the longitudinal direction Average
sl_tauv surface stress in the latidudinal direction Average

 

2D snapshots, Output Interval: PT15M

sl_tppn precipitation Snapshot
sl_cldi ice water path Snapshot
sl_cldw liquid water path Snapshot
sl_evap evaporation Snapshot
sl_slp mean sea level pressure Snapshot
sl_slp_ecmwf mean sea level pressure formulated by ECMWF Snapshot
sl_q2m specific humidity at 2m Snapshot
sl_t2m temperature at 2m Snapshot
sl_tem_sfc skin temperature Snapshot
sl_u10m velocity u at 10m Snapshot
sl_v10m velocity v at 10m Snapshot
sl_vap_atm precipitable water Snapshot
sl_lwu_toa upward LW at TOA Snapshot
sl_lwu_toa_c upward LW (clear sky) at TOA Snapshot
sl_swd_toa downward SW at TOA Snapshot
sl_swu_toa upward SW at TOA Snapshot
sl_swu_toa_c upward SW (clear sky )at TOA Snapshot
sl_lwd_sfc downward LW at the surface Snapshot
sl_lwu_sfc upward LW at the surface Snapshot
sl_swd_sfc downward SW at the surface Snapshot
sl_swu_sfc upward SW at the surface Snapshot
sl_lwd_sfc_c downward LW (clear sky) at the surface Snapshot
sl_lwu_sfc_c upward LW (clear sky) at the surface Snapshot
sl_swd_sfc_c downward SW (clear sky) at the surface Snapshot
sl_swu_sfc_c upward SW (clear sky) at the surface Snapshot
sl_lh_sfc latent heat flux Snapshot
sl_sh_sfc sensible heat flux Snapshot
sl_taucl optical depth of liquid water Snapshot
sl_tauci optical depth of ice water Snapshot
sl_tauc optical depth of cloud water Snapshot
sl_taur optical depth of rain water Snapshot
sl_taui optical depth of cloud ice Snapshot
sl_taus optical depth of snow Snapshot
sl_taug optical depth of graupel Snapshot
sl_albedo surface albedo (incl. scattering) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc surface albedo (direct, vis) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc2 surface albedo (direct, nir) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc3 surface albedo (direct, ir) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc4 surface albedo (diffuse, vis) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc5 surface albedo (diffuse, nir) Snapshot
sl_albedo_sfc6 surface albedo (diffuse, ir) Snapshot

 

Soil Initialisation

Initial soil data are derived from the equilibrium state in the climatological run by NICAM with a coarser resolution.

 

Input Data, SST and Sea Ice

Same as the description for ICON.