Maximum resolution towards realistic simulations of planet Earth

What We Do

We advance climate and weather modelling using cutting-edge supercomputing. ESiWACE3 drives innovation, enabling precise regional climate predictions to address global challenges, support policymakers, and ensure a more sustainable future for our planet.

Project Timeline

2023 – Now | ESiWACE3
ESiWACE3 aims to push the limits of state-of-the-art supercomputing. This is achieved by working on improved AI-based climate modelling, refining simulations and providing state-of-the-art information to address global climate challenges with unprecedented accuracy.
2019 – 2023 | ESiWACE2
During ESiWACE2, capabilities were extended by optimising models for exascale computing. Data processing and advanced regional climate predictions were also improved to support scientific research and policy decisions, and collaborations were strengthened.
2015 – 2019 | ESiWACE1
In its first phase, ESiWACE focused on improving the scalability and usability of climate models, tools and data management in European HPC systems, as well as exploiting the resulting huge volumes of data.

Partners Map

Infrastructures
- About
  The European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) is pooling European resources to develop top-of-the-range exascale supercomputers for processing big data, based on competitive European technology.
  One of the pan-European pre-exascale supercomputers, LUMI, is located in CSC’s data center in Kajaani, Finland.
  The supercomputer is hosted by the LUMI consortium. The LUMI (Large Unified Modern Infrastructure) consortium countries are Finland, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland.
  LUMI is one of the world’s best-known scientific instruments for the lifespan of 2021–2027.
  Website https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/
- About
  Barcelona Supercomputing Center-Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS) is the national supercomputing centre in Spain. We specialise in high performance computing (HPC) and manage MareNostrum, one of the most powerful supercomputers in Europe.
  Website ttps://www.bsc.es
- About
  The European Network for Earth System modelling, ENES, was launched in 2001. It gathers the community working on Earth’s climate system modelling with the aim to accelerate progress in this field. This community is strongly involved in the assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and provides those predictions, on which EU mitigation and adaptation policies are elaborated.
  This portal, established and maintained by IS-ENES (Infrastructure for ENES), aims to provide information on ENES projects.
  It also provides information on ENES research infrastructure. Services are provided through the IS-ENES providing access to key model data and software, complemented by ESIWACE projects with services on enhancing performance on High-performance computers.
  Website https://portal.enes.org/index.html
- About
  Forschungszentrum Jülich is home to Europe’s first exascale supercomputer, JUPITER. It is the first computer in Europe to surpass the threshold of one quintillion (“1” followed by 18 zeros) calculations per second.
  Website https://www.fz-juelich.de/en/jsc/jupiter
HPC Community
- About
  MaX Centre of Excellence drives innovation in materials research by leveraging Europe’s growing exascale supercomputing and data capacity. These advances open new possibilities for quantum materials discovery and design, strengthening Europe’s leadership in science and technology.
  Materials are vital to industrial competitiveness and to addressing major societal challenges — from clean energy and environmental sustainability to healthcare, digital technologies, and manufacturing. MaX develops and optimises computational tools and community codes for quantum mechanical simulations, ensuring they fully exploit next-generation High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems.
  Through its technologies and training, MaX empowers a broad community of researchers and industry partners, enabling frontier science and accelerating materials innovation across Europe.
  Website https://max-centre.eu/
- About
  The Performance Optimisation and Productivity Centre of Excellence in HPC provides performance optimisation and productivity services for (your?) academic AND industrial code(s) in all domains!
  Website https://pop-coe.eu/
- About
  The European Processor Initiative (EPI) is a cornerstone of the European initiative towards strategic autonomy in HPC, chip technologies and infrastructure.
  Website https://www.european-processor-initiative.eu/
- About
  EUPEX will pave the way for a self-reliant European HPC industry, capable of delivering exascale-class supercomputers designed in Europe
  Website https://eupex.eu/
- About
  HiDALGO2 aims to explore synergies between modelling, data acquisition, simulation, data analysis and visualisation along with achieving better scalability on current and future HPC and AI infrastructures to deliver highly-scalable solutions that can effectively utilise pre-exascale systems. The project focuses on five pilots from the environmental area: improving air quality in urban agglomerations, energy efficiency of buildings, renewable energy sources, wildfires and material transport in water. The common feature of the modelling of the above simulations is the use of numerical analysis of fluid flows by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, which is typically very compute-intensive.
  Website https://www.hidalgo2.eu/
- HPC3
  About
  Website https://itso.hkust.edu.hk/services/academic-teaching-support/high-performance-computing/hpc3-cluster
- About
  The EUPILOT project will design, build, and validate the first EU-based accelerator platform for HPC (including compute-intensive AI), covering the whole spectrum of required technologies with European assets: a vertical chain going from HPC and HPDA applications through the whole software stack to RISC-V based highly efficient and high performance accelerators, integrated into high-density accelerator chassis with innovative immersion cooling.
  From a European and global level it will provide a full accelerator technology as a foundation for European Exascale systems.
  The capabilities of the RISC-V ecosystem will be further extended into the HPC and HPDA domains, thus demonstrating European digital sovereignty and technology independence in HPC.
  Moreover, Europe will have the opportunity to drive the adoption of RISC-V’s rapidly growing ecosystem. This could include a variety of RISC-V cores, extensions, application-specific accelerators, as well as of a software stack, across a spectrum of performance targets for different markets.
  Website https://eupilot.eu/
- About
  The main objective of ChEESE is to establish a new Center of Excellence (CoE) in the domain of Solid Earth (SE) targeting the preparation of 10 Community flagship European codes for the upcoming pre-Exascale (2020) and Exascale (2022) supercomputers.
  Website https://cheese-coe.eu/
- About
  The European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) is pooling European resources to develop top-of-the-range exascale supercomputers for processing big data, based on competitive European technology.
  One of the pan-European pre-exascale supercomputers, LUMI, is located in CSC’s data center in Kajaani, Finland.
  The supercomputer is hosted by the LUMI consortium. The LUMI (Large Unified Modern Infrastructure) consortium countries are Finland, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland.
  LUMI is one of the world’s best-known scientific instruments for the lifespan of 2021–2027.
  Website https://lumi-supercomputer.eu/
- About
  Barcelona Supercomputing Center-Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS) is the national supercomputing centre in Spain. We specialise in high performance computing (HPC) and manage MareNostrum, one of the most powerful supercomputers in Europe.
  Website ttps://www.bsc.es
- About
  SPACE brings together scientists, community code developers, HPC experts, hardware manufacturers and software developers, to evolve the existing state-of-the-art codes into new products able to efficiently exploit the forthcoming computing architectures.
  Website https://www.space-coe.eu/
- About
  MultiXscale is a European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) Center of Excellence in exascale-oriented application co-design and delivery for multiscale simulations. It is a collaborative 4-year project between members of the CECAM network and the EESSI community that will allow domain scientists to take advantage of the computational resources offered by EuroHPC JU.
  Website https://www.multixscale.eu/
- About
  The project encourages collaboration, exchange of knowledge between HPC practitioners, expertise and best practices between Participating States and the mapping of skills and competences across Europe to support cohesion and a more consistent level of expertise across Europe. In this next phase of the project, the CASTIEL 2 project also takes on an additional role of providing similar coordination support to the EuroHPC Centres of Excellence (CoEs).
  The CoEs gather HPC expertise in the development of HPC applications by scientific domain at a European level, CASTIEL 2 will build a stronger HPC community which will foster strategic collaboration in HPC research and deployment of skills and in expertise in HPC technologies and applications between CoEs and NCCs.
  The objective of CASTIEL 2 and EuroCC 2 is to strengthen the European Union (EU)’s technological autonomy and competitiveness by ensuring a coordinated and consistent high level of knowledge sharing across Europe in HPC and related disciplines such as high-performance data analytics (HPDA) and HPC-based artificial intelligence.
  Website https://www.eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/research-innovation/our-projects/castiel-2_en
- About
  The EuroHPC Application Support Project EPICURE draws on the experience and knowledge of the current and future EuroHPC supercomputer hosting organisations to provide users with Level 2 and Level 3 support services, with a more technical component than previously available, over a period of 3 to 18 months.
  Services provided by the EPICURE include code activation and scaling, performance analysis and benchmarking, code refactoring and code optimisation.
  In order to promote the exchange of knowledge, the project will also organize architecture specific trainings, hackathons, webinars and workshops in several EU countries.
  Website https://epicure-hpc.eu/
- About
  EoCoE III demonstrates the benefit of HPC for the net-zero energy transition for research institutes and also for key industries in the energy sector, channeling its efforts into 5 exascale lighthouse applications covering the key domains of Energy Materials, Water, Wind and Fusion.
  The multidisciplinary effort of the consortium partners harnesses innovations in computer science and mathematical algorithms within a tightly integrated co-design approach to overcome performance bottlenecks, to deploy the lighthouse applications on the coming European exascale infrastructure, and to anticipate future HPC hardware developments.
  Website https://www.eocoe.eu/
- About
  E4 Computer Engineering is the ideal strategic partner for tackling the most complex computational challenges and exploring future scenarios. Thanks to continuous R&D, a rich ecosystem of partners, and the experience gained in numerous European projects, we are always focused on technological excellence and maximum reliability.
  Website https://www.e4company.com/en/
- About
  The EXCELLERAT project is a single point of access for expertise on how data management, data analytics, visualisation, simulation-driven design and co-design with high-performance computing (HPC) can benefit engineering.
  Website https://www.excellerat.eu/
- About
  Do IT Now thrives on the bold “Do it now” ethos that embodies the philosophy of taking action decisively and without delay. We believe in seizing opportunities as they arise, embracing agility and delivering results with a sense of urgency. This belief is coupled with a laser focus on Information Technology (IT) services, driving us to innovate and modernize industry norms.
  Website https://www.doitnowgroup.com/
- About
  PerMedCoE is the HPC/Exascale Centre of Excellence for Personalised Medicine in Europe.
  Website https://permedcoe.eu/
- About
  ESCAPE-2 develops world-class, extreme-scale computing capabilities for European operational numerical weather and climate prediction, and provide the key components for representative benchmarks to be deployed on extreme-scale demonstrators and beyond. It continues the pioneering work of the ESCAPE project.
  Website https://www.hpc-escape2.eu/
- About
  Providing open source molecular modelling and simulation software, user support and community-building events for Life Scientists
  Website https://bioexcel.eu/
- About
  The EuroHPC JU allows the European Union and the EuroHPC JU participating countries to coordinate their efforts and pool their resources to make Europe a world leader in supercomputing. This boosts Europe’s scientific excellence and industrial strength and supports the digital transformation of its economy while ensuring its technological sovereignty.
  The EuroHPC JU was created in 2018, reviewed in 2021 by Council Regulation (EU) 2021/1173, and amended in July 2024 by means of Council Regulation (EU) 2024/1732 and Council Regulation (EU) 2026/150.
  Website https://www.eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/index_en
Models/Tools
- About
  OpenIFS is both an ECMWF project and a model. The OpenIFS project at ECMWF encourages research and teaching in numerical weather prediction, from medium range to seasonal timescales.
  An easy-to-use version of the ECMWF global IFS (Integrated Forecasting System), the OpenIFS model, is available to academic and research institutions.
  The OpenIFS model provides the same forecast capability as IFS but without the data assimilation system. Supporting software and documentation is also provided.
  OpenIFS has a support team at ECMWF for technical assistance but limited resources for detailed scientific assistance.
  About OpenIFS provides more information.
  The OpenIFS model and accompanying software is intended for use on computers external to ECMWF, though member state users with time on ECMWF computers can use ECMWF systems.
  Website https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/OIFS
- About
  Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) is a state-of-the-art modelling framework for research activities and forecasting services in ocean and climate sciences, developed in a sustainable way by the NEMO European consortium since 2008. For all information please refer to the NEMO wiki
  Website https://forge.nemo-ocean.eu/nemo/nemo
- About
  GT4Py is a Python library for generating high performance implementations of stencil kernels from a high-level definition using regular Python functions. GT4Py is part of the GridTools framework, a set of libraries and utilities to develop performance portable applications in the area of weather and climate modeling.
  Website https://github.com/GridTools/gt4py
- About
  ICON is a flexible, scalable, high-performance modelling framework for weather, climate and environmental prediction that provides actionable information for society and advances our understanding of the Earth’s climate system.
  ICON is evolving into an internationally recognized and widely used modeling framework for weather, climate, and environmental prediction that allows the users to solve challenging problems of high societal relevance. It will push the boundaries of what is computationally feasible to advance knowledge and understanding and support innovation in weather, climate and environmental services.
  Website https://www.icon-model.org/
- About
  RISC-V International is the global non-profit home of the open standard RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), related specifications, and stakeholder community. RISC-V enables the community to share technical investment, contribute to the strategic future, create more rapidly, enjoy unprecedented design freedom, and substantially reduce the cost of innovation.
  Website https://riscv.org/
- About
  PSyclone is a source-to-source Fortran compiler designed to programmatically optimise, parallelise and instrument HPC applications via user-provided transformation scripts. By encapsulating the performance-portability aspects (e.g. whether to parallelise with OpenMP or OpenACC), these scripts enable a separation of concerns between the scientific implementation and the optimisation choices. This allows each aspect to be explored and developed largely independently. Additionally, PSyclone supports the development of kernel-based, Fortran-embedded DSLs following the PSyKAl model developed in the GungHo project.
  PSyclone is currently used to support the LFRic mixed finite-element PSyKAl DSL for the UK MetOffice’s next generation modelling system and the GOcean finite-difference PSyKAl DSL for a prototype 2D ocean modelling system. It is also used to insert GPU offloading directives into existing directly-addressed MPI applications such as the NEMO ocean model.
  Website https://psyclone.readthedocs.io/en/stable/#
- About
- About
  Tool to automatically implement the Reduced Precision Emulator into a Fortran code. It includes a workflow manager to launch precision analysis
  Website https://gitlab.earth.bsc.es/ces/hpc-for-es-team/AutoRPE
- About
  The quality and the accuracy of climate and weather forecasts are limited by the computing power available. In order to measure and evaluate the computational performance of climate and weather models and the suitability of different computer architectures for these models, we need benchmarks. Classical benchmarks, like the High Performance Linpack (HPL) on which the TOP500 list is based are not representative of typical model codes used for climate research and weather prediction.
  Website https://www.esiwace.eu/hpcw/
- About
- About
  The LLVM Project is a collection of modular and reusable compiler and toolchain technologies. Despite its name, LLVM has little to do with traditional virtual machines. The name “LLVM” itself is not an acronym; it is the full name of the project.
  LLVM began as a research project at the University of Illinois, with the goal of providing a modern, SSA-based compilation strategy capable of supporting both static and dynamic compilation of arbitrary programming languages. Since then, LLVM has grown to be an umbrella project consisting of a number of subprojects, many of which are being used in production by a wide variety of commercial and open source projects as well as being widely used in academic research. Code in the LLVM project is licensed under the “Apache 2.0 License with LLVM exceptions”
  Website https://llvm.org/
- About
- About
  Autosubmit is a Python-based workflow manager to create, manage and monitor complex tasks involving different substeps, such as scientific computational experiments. These workflows may involve multiple computing systems for their completion, from HPCs to post-processing clusters or workstations. Autosubmit can orchestrate all the tasks integrating the workflow by managing their dependencies, interfacing with all the platforms involved, and handling eventual errors.
  Website https://www.bsc.es/research-and-development/software-and-apps/software-list/autosubmit
- About
  Website https://gitlab.earth.bsc.es/ces/hpc-for-es-team/automatic_performance_profiling/-/tree/master
- About
  The European Environment for Scientific Software Installations (EESSI, pronounced as “easy”) is a collaboration between different European partners in HPC community. The goal of this project is to build a common stack of scientific software installations for HPC systems and beyond, including laptops, personal workstations and cloud infrastructure.
  Website https://www.eessi.io/
- About
  Create optimized GPU applications in any mainstream GPU programming language (CUDA, HIP, OpenCL, OpenACC, OpenMP).
  What Kernel Tuner does:
  Works as an external tool to benchmark and optimize GPU kernels in isolation Can be used directly on existing kernel code without extensive changes Can be used with applications in any host programming language Blazing fast search space construction More than 20 optimization algorithms to speedup tuning Energy measurements and optimizations (power capping, clock frequency tuning) … and much more! For example, caching, output verification, tuning host and device code, user defined metrics, see the full documentation.
  Website https://github.com/KernelTuner
- About
  Global climate models and Earth system models are numerical models of the Earth’s climate system and are used to understand how the Earth’s various components, including the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, biosphere, and cryosphere, interact with each other and how they respond to natural and human-induced changes. These models simulate the physical, chemical, and biological processes that govern the Earth system, at different levels of complexity. As such, they are essential tools for understanding and predicting climate variability and climate change.
  EC-Earth is an Earth system model developed by a European consortium of national meteorological services and research institutes. The EC-Earth consortium was started in 2006 and has welcomed many new partners ever since. By now, EC-Earth has become a prominent state-of-the-art model within the international landscape of global climate and Earth system models. The EC-Earth consortium has contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), and will continue to do so in the future. EC-Earth is also used as a research tool in various national, European and international projects.
  Website https://ec-earth.org/
ESM Community
- About
  Climateurope2 is a 4.5-year Horizon Europe project that addresses the need for timely delivery and effective use of climate information. The project aims to support the climate services community and propose standardisation procedures for future equitable and quality-assured climate services, useful for decision making in all sectors of society.
  Website https://climateurope2.eu/
- About
  EERIE is the acronym for the Horizon Europe project entitled European Eddy RIch Earth System Models.
  This project, running from January 2023 to December 2026, will reveal and quantify the role of ocean mesoscale processes in shaping the climate trajectory over seasonal to centennial time scales. To this end EERIE will develop a new generation of Earth System Models (ESMs) that are capable of explicitly representing a crucially important, yet unexplored regime of the Earth system – the ocean mesoscale. Leveraging the latest advances in science and technology, EERIE will substantially improve the ability of such ESMs to faithfully represent the centennial-scale evolution of the global climate, especially its variability, extremes and how tipping points may unfold under the influence of the ocean mesoscale.
  Website https://eerie-project.eu/
- About
  nextGEMS is a collaborative European project. Funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme, it will tap expertise from fourteen European Nations to develop two next generation (storm-resolving) Earth-system Models. Through breakthroughs in simulation realism, these models will allow us to understand and reliably quantify how the climate will change on a global and regional scale, and how the weather, including its extreme events, will look like in the future.
  Website https://nextgems-h2020.eu/
- About
  WarmWorld’s efforts are not concentrated on constructing a model from scratch. The project rather imparts a significant contribution to ongoing developments of the already convection-resolving ICON model. Overall, WarmWorld aims to increase ICON’s run time efficiency, construct a more fine-meshed model grid, and seeks to create a more seamless experience for end-users. The leap toward smaller scales allows for the representation of finer meso-scale processes, such as cloud formation and eddies, and holds not only with the promise to improve local impact assessments but fosters potential to improve understanding of large-scale processes at the same time.
  Website https://www.warmworld.de/
- About
  HANAMI wants to promote scientific projects involving both Europe and Japanese institutes, and will assist the researchers to access supercomputers in both Japan and Europe. HANAMI embeds leading research institutes and supercomputing centers to tackle exascale areas and beyond.
  Website https://hanami-project.com/
- About
  The EuroHPC JU allows the European Union and the EuroHPC JU participating countries to coordinate their efforts and pool their resources to make Europe a world leader in supercomputing. This boosts Europe’s scientific excellence and industrial strength and supports the digital transformation of its economy while ensuring its technological sovereignty.
  The EuroHPC JU was created in 2018, reviewed in 2021 by Council Regulation (EU) 2021/1173, and amended in July 2024 by means of Council Regulation (EU) 2024/1732 and Council Regulation (EU) 2026/150.
  Website https://www.eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/index_en
- About
  The goal of ESM2025 is to advance the understanding of the Earth system and its response to human activities.
  The project aims to develop the next generation of European Earth System Models including a more comprehensive representation of the Earth’s response to anthropogenic emissions and human land-use change.
  The improved models will help to enhance the consistency of climate and mitigation-relevant processes across Earth System and Integrated Assessment models and provide valuable scientific insights to support successful implementation of the Paris Agreement.
  Results from coordinated simulations with the new models will also provide more robust guidance on future global environmental risks, supporting policies targeting adaptation to global change.
  Website https://www.esm2025.eu/
- About
  Destination Earth (DestinE) is an ambitious initiative of the European Union to create a highly accurate digital model of Earth. It utilises an unprecedented amount of data, innovative earth system models, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, high-speed connectivity networks and data from multiple existing and new sources. Europe’s cutting-edge computing is utilized to monitor the effects of natural and human activity on our planet, enable users to anticipate extreme events and test and adapt policies addressing climate-related challenges.
  The operational core platform, the data lake and the first digital twins are made operational as part of the Commission’s Digital Europe Programme. Horizon Europe provides research and innovation opportunities that support the further development of DestinE. There are synergies with other relevant EU entities and programmes, such as the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking and the European Space Programme, as well as related national initiatives.
  The European Commission coordinates the DestinE initiative in close collaboration with the Member States, Associated Countries, scientific communities and technology experts.
  The initiative is jointly implemented by three entrusted entities: the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) over the next 7-10 years.
  On 15 December 2021, the European Commission and the three implementing entities signed Contribution Agreements to start the first phase of implementation until mid-2024.
  Website https://destination-earth.eu/
- About
  The European Network for Earth System modelling, ENES, was launched in 2001. It gathers the community working on Earth’s climate system modelling with the aim to accelerate progress in this field. This community is strongly involved in the assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and provides those predictions, on which EU mitigation and adaptation policies are elaborated.
  This portal, established and maintained by IS-ENES (Infrastructure for ENES), aims to provide information on ENES projects.
  It also provides information on ENES research infrastructure. Services are provided through the IS-ENES providing access to key model data and software, complemented by ESIWACE projects with services on enhancing performance on High-performance computers.
  Website https://portal.enes.org/index.html
- About
  The Ganana project unites European Union and Indian efforts in scientific High-Performance Computing (HPC). With Europe’s advanced HPC infrastructure and India’s rapidly growing capabilities, this partnership is essential to tackling critical societal issues and driving scientific progress.
  The project brings together leading scientists, technologists, and High-Performance Computing Centers from Europe and India to share HPC resources and infrastructure. The initiative fosters extensive expertise exchange, facilitates mobility programs, and develops a framework and roadmap for long-term collaboration.
  GANANA is structured around three priority domains that highlight the key scientific fields where HPC is crucial for research and innovation: life sciences, geographical hazards, and weather & climate. Expert institutions for each domain are involved in expertise exchange, capacity building activities and resource sharing.
  Website https://ganana.eu/
- About
  EDITO is the core infrastructure platform of the European Digital Twin Ocean. Our mission is to make ocean knowledge available to all, empowering decision-makers, researchers, innovators and citizens to access ocean insights and tools, grow our shared knowledge, and act for the future.
  After an initial inception phase via the Horizon Europe “EDITO-Infra” and “EDITO Model Lab” projects, (2022-2025), EDITO continues developing in the framework of the Horizon Europe “EDITO 2” project (2025-2028), which is implemented by Mercator Ocean International, and the Flanders Marine Institute, with the support of Seascape Belgium on behalf of the EMODnet Secretariat.
  Beyond 2028, EDITO is intended to evolve into a long-term, sustained European infrastructure that extends beyond the lifetime of these projects. By 2030, EDITO envisions a fully operational European Digital Twin Ocean platform, serving as a global benchmark for digital ocean solutions and democratised access to ocean knowledge.
  Website https://www.edito.eu/